Historic Centre of Guimarães
Historic Centre of Guimarães
The historic town of Guimarães is associated with the emergence of the Portuguese national identity in the 12th century. An exceptionally well-preserved and authentic example of the evolution of a medieval settlement into a modern town, its rich building typology exemplifies the specific development of Portuguese architecture from the 15th to 19th century through the consistent use of traditional building materials and techniques.
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Centre historique de Guimarães
La ville historique de Guimarães est associée à la formation de l’identité nationale portugaise au XIIe siècle. Exemple extrêmement bien préservé et authentique de la transformation d’une ville médiévale en ville moderne, elle a conservé une riche typologie de bâtiments qui témoigne de l’évolution spécifique portugaise, du XVe siècle au XIXe siècle, en continuant d’employer des matériaux et des techniques de construction traditionnels.
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
وسط غيماراييس التاريخي
ترتبط مدينة غيماراييس التاريخية بتبلور الهوية الوطنية البرتغالية في القرن الثاني عشر وتشكل مثالاً سليماً وحقيقياً على تحول مدينة من القرون الوسطى الى مدينة حديثة. وقد أبقت على تشكيلة غنية من الأبنية المختلفة الأنماط الشاهدة على تطور البرتغال من القرن الخامس عشر ولغاية القرن التاسع عشر، مع مواصلة استعمالها مواد البناء والتقنيات التقليدية.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
吉马良斯历史中心
吉马良斯古镇的发展与公元12世纪葡萄牙王国的成立具有密切关系。当地保存完好、高度保真的建筑展示了一个中世纪小镇转变成现代都市的演化过程。由于当地一直使用传统的建筑材料和技术，吉马良斯古镇中各个类型的建筑向世人讲述着公元15世纪至19世纪葡萄牙建筑的发展史。
source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Исторический центр города Гимарайнш
Исторический город Гимарайнш ассоциируется со становлением в XII в. португальского национального самосознания. Это исключительно хорошо сохранившийся подлинный пример эволюции средневекового поселения в современный город. Разнообразие типов его зданий раскрывает специфику развития португальской архитектуры в период XV-XIX вв., когда использовались традиционные строительные материалы и методы.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
Centro histórico de Guimaraes
Vinculada al nacimiento de la identidad nacional portuguesa en el siglo XII, Guimaraes es un ejemplo excepcional de transformación de una población medieval en ciudad moderna. Esta ciudad ha conservado con autenticidad y en buen estado una serie muy variada de edificios ilustrativos de la evolución específica de la arquitectura portuguesa entre los siglos XV y XIX, caracterizada por el uso sistemático de materiales y técnicas de construcción tradicionales.
source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0
ギマランイス歴史地区
ポルトガル北部、サンタ・カタリナ山脈の麓に開けた小都市で、12世紀、ポルトガル初代国王アフォンソ・エンリケスが生誕した地である。中世都市から近代都市へと変貌するなかで、伝統的な建築材と類まれなる技術を駆使し、同時に15～19世紀の近代ポルトガルの発展を体現する都市となった。中心地トウラル広場の壁に書かれた"ポルトガルここに誕生す"の文字や、15世紀のサン・フランシスコ教会、ブラガンサ公爵館などが残る。source: NFUAJ
Historisch centrum van Guimarães
Guimarães ligt aan de belangrijkste middeleeuwse verbindingsroute die Monçao en Braga met Viseu en Caminha verbindt. De stad domineert de vruchtbare vlakte die zich uitstrekt in de richting van de zee. De historische binnenstad is gerelateerd aan de opkomst van de Portugese nationale identiteit in de 12e eeuw. Het is een uitzonderlijk goed bewaard gebleven en authentiek voorbeeld van de ontwikkeling van een middeleeuwse nederzetting tot een moderne stad. De grote hoeveelheid bouwtypes in Guimarães toont de specifieke ontwikkeling van de Portugese architectuur tussen de 15e en de 19e eeuw, mogelijk gemaakt door het consequente gebruik van traditionele bouwmaterialen en technieken.
Source: unesco.nl
Historic Centre of Guimarães
© M & G Therin-Weise
Outstanding Universal Value
Brief synthesis
The exceptionally well preserved Historic Centre of Guimarães, located in the northern Portugal district of Braga, is often referred to as the cradle of the Portuguese nationality. The history of Guimarães is closely associated with the creation of the national identity and language of Portugal. The city was the feudal territory of the Portuguese Dukes who declared the independence of Portugal in the mid-12th century.
Founded in the 4th century, Guimarães became the first capital of Portugal in the 12th century. Its historic centre is an extremely well preserved and an authentic example of the evolution of a medieval settlement into a modern town, its rich building typology exemplifying the specific development of Portuguese architecture from the 15th to the 19th centuries through the consistent use of traditional building materials and techniques. This variety of different building types documents the responses to the evolving needs of the community. A particular type of construction developed here in the Middle Ages was used widely in the then Portuguese colonies. It featured a ground floor in granite with a half-timbered structure above, a technology that was transmitted to Portuguese colonies in Africa and the New World, becoming their characteristic feature.
The Historic Centre of Guimarães is distinguished in particular for the integrity of its historically authentic building stock. Examples from the period from 950 to 1498 include the two anchors around which Guimarães initially developed, the castle in the north and the monastic complex in the south. The period from 1498 to 1693 is characterized by noble houses and the development of civic facilities, city squares, etc. While there have been some changes during the modern era, the historic centre of Guimarães has maintained its medieval urban layout. The continuity in traditional technology and the maintenance and gradual change have contributed to an exceptionally harmonious townscape.
Criterion (ii): Guimarães is of considerable universal significance by virtue of the fact that specialized building techniques developed there in the Middle Ages were transmitted to Portuguese colonies in Africa and the New World, becoming their characteristic feature.
Criterion (iii): The early history of Guimarães is closely associated with the establishment of Portuguese national identity and the Portuguese language in the 12th century.
Criterion (iv): An exceptionally well preserved town, Guimarães illustrates the evolution of particular building types from the medieval settlement to the present-day city, and particularly in the 15th–19th centuries.
Integrity
Within the boundaries of the 19,45 ha property are located all the elements necessary to express the Outstanding Universal Value the Historic Centre of Guimarães, including a particular type of construction developed in the Middle Ages using granite combined with a timber-framed structure, a technology that was diffused widely in the former Portuguese colonies of Africa and the New World, and a well-preserved historic building stock that represents the evolution of building typologies from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. This development is documented in the rich variety of different building types that have responded to the evolving needs of the community. The property does not suffer unduly from adverse effects of development and/or neglect. There is a 99,23 ha buffer zone, parts of which remain outside the protection zone. While norms for the protection of the historic centre exist, these have not been established for the buffer zone.
Authenticity
The Historic Centre of Guimarães is authentic in terms of its location and setting, forms and designs, and materials and substances. It has succeeded in preserving its historic stratigraphy and territorial integrity. Different phases of development are well integrated into the whole.
Protection and management requirements
The Historic Centre of Guimarães is subject to several legal provisions regarding the protection of historic buildings, including Law No. 107/2001 of 8 September, Decree-Law No. 120/97 of 16 May, and Decree No. 3/98 of 26 January, and to legal provisions regarding town planning, including Decree-Law No. 38/382 of 7 August 1951, Decree-Law No. 445/91 of 20 November, and Decree-Law No. 250/94 of 15 October. Its master plan, which dates from 1994, includes regulations for the protection of the historic centre. The historic centre includes 14 historic buildings that are legally protected as National Monuments (8) or as properties of Public Interest (6), according to the Portuguese Law on the Protection of Historic Monuments. Apart from some State-owned properties, most of the building stock is privately owned. The public areas of the historic centre are the property of the Municipality of Guimarães. Management of the historic centre is the responsibility of the Local Technical Office for the Historic Centre of the Municipality (GTL), established in 1985. Any intervention related to listed buildings is under the control of the Directorate General for Cultural Heritage (DGPC). Sustaining the Outstanding Universal Value of the property over time will require preparing, approving, and implementing the required norms and regulations for the buffer zone.
Historic Centre of Guimarães (UNESCO/NHK)
View photos from OUR PLACE the World Heritage collection