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Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks

Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks

The two sites included in the designation contain flora and fauna and key habitats that characterize the Cerrado – one of the world’s oldest and most diverse tropical ecosystems. For millennia, these sites have served as refuge for several species during periods of climate change and will be vital for maintaining the biodiversity of the Cerrado region during future climate fluctuations.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Aires protégées du Cerrado : Parcs nationaux Chapada dos Veadeiros et Emas

Les deux sites inclus dans ce classement abritent une flore, une faune et des habitats essentiels caractéristiques du Cerrado – l’un des écosystèmes tropicaux les plus anciens et les plus diversifiés du monde. Pendant des millénaires, ces sites ont servi de refuges à plusieurs espèces lors des périodes de changements climatiques, et ils resteront indispensables au maintien de la biodiversité du Cerrado lors de futures modifications climatiques.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

محميّات سيرادو: حديقتا شابادا دوس فياديروشوإيماش الوطنيتان

تأوي هاتان الحديقتان ثروة نباتية وحيوانية مهمة ومساكن طبيعية أساسية تتميّز بها منطقة سيرادو، وهي أحد الأنظمة البيئية الإستوائية الأكثر قدماً وتنوعاً في العالم. ولطالما شكّلت هذه المواقع، على مرّ آلاف السنين، ملاذاً آمناً لعدة كائنات حيّة إبان فترات التحول المناخي وهي ستظلّ ضرورية للحفاظ على التنوع البيولوجي لمنطقة سيرادو أثناء التغيّرات المناخية المستقبلية.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

塞拉多保护区:查帕达-多斯-维阿迪罗斯和艾玛斯国家公园

塞拉多保护区由两个部分组成,保护区内包含动植物及其主要栖息地,这些使得塞拉多成为世界上最古老和最富多样性的热带生态系统之一。千百年来,这片区域在气候变化时为许多生物物种提供了庇护。在未来可能发生的气候变化中,这里对保持塞拉多地区生物多样性仍然有着至关重要的作用。

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Национальные парки зоны «кампос-серрадо»: Шапада-дус-Веадейрус и Эмас

Флора и фауна двух национальных парков, образующих данный объект всемирного наследия, являются типичными для зоны лесистых саванн – «кампос-серрадо». Этот особый тип саванн признан одной из богатейших по биоразнообразию и одной из старейших по времени своего формирования экосистем тропического пояса. На протяжении тысячелетий эти места выступали в роли убежищ для разных видов животных и растений, особенно в периоды резких климатических изменений. Считается, что и в будущем они смогут выступать в качестве очагов поддержания биоразнообразия саванн «кампос-серрадо».

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Zonas protegidas del Cerrado – Parques nacionales de Chapada dos Veadeiros y las Emas

Estos parques albergan la flora, fauna y hábitats característicos del “cerrado”, uno de los ecosistemas tropicales más antiguos y diversificados del mundo. Los dos sitios protegidos han servido de refugio durante milenios a numerosas especies en los períodos de cambio climático y se estima que serán indispensables para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

セラード保護地域群:ヴェアデイロス平原国立公園とエマス国立公園 
セラード(アマゾン低地熱帯林南部に広がる草原地帯)を特徴づける動植物群とその生息地を包含するこの二つの登録地は、世界中で最も古い多様な熱帯生態系を含んでいる。幾千年にもわたり、気候変動期には幾多の種がこのセラード地域に逃げ込んだことから、将来予想される気候変動期においても、生物多様性を保持する上で重要な避難場所となることが考えられる。

source: NFUAJ

Beschermde gebieden van Cerrado: Nationale parken Chapada dos Veadeiros en Emas

Deze beschermde gebieden hebben flora, fauna en habitats die kenmerkend zijn voor de Cerrado - een van 's werelds oudste en meest diverse tropische ecosystemen. Millennia lang dienden de gebieden als schuilplaats voor diersoorten tijdens klimaatveranderingen. Ook voor toekomstige klimaatschommelingen blijven ze belangrijk voor het behoud van de biodiversiteit in de Cerrado regio. Chapada dos Veadeiros is onderdeel van de hoogste vlakte in Centraal-Brazilië. De regio is van uitzonderlijke schoonheid dankzij uitgestrekte hoogvlakten met watervallen en kristalheldere bronnen. Nationaal park Emas maakt deel uit van het plateau Serra dos Caiapós, de belangrijkste waterscheiding tussen de La Plata in het zuiden en de Amazone in het noorden.

Source: unesco.nl

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Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks (Brazil) © Bruno Poppe
Outstanding Universal Value

Brief description

The site of the Cerrado Protected Areas includes the Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks located in the Brazilian central plateau in the State of Goias. Both parks help protect the Cerrado biome, one of the oldest and most diverse ecosystems in the world.  For millennia, these sites have served as refuge for many rare and endemic species of fauna and flora, including during periods of climatic fluctuations. Both sites remain essential for maintaining the biodiversity in the Cerrado, especially in any future climate change scenario.

The flora of the Cerrado is rich. It includes between 350 and 400 species of vascular plants per hectare, including many endemic plants. The property also contains populations of large mammals, including the giant anteater, giant armadillo, maned wolf, jaguar and pampas deer, but also the rhea, the largest bird of South America. The site is also extremely important in maintaining the hydrological regime as, due to its geological features and soils, it is proving to be a key area for aquifer recharge and the alimentation of several watercourses that supply power to the Amazon basin and the Pantanal, in the basin of La Plata.

Criterion (ix): The current protected areas of the site played a key role for thousands of years in maintaining the biodiversity of the Cerrado ecoregion. Because of their central position and their altitudinal variation, they served as relatively stable refuges for species during climate changes that displaced the Cerrado along a north-south or east-west axis. This role of refuge for species continues. The climate marked by the two well-defined seasons (dry and wet), the recurrence of fires and the high concentration of aluminum, as well as the extremely acid and nutrient-deprived soil, have resulted in unique progressive adaptations in the flora and fauna.

Criterion (x): The site contains samples of all the key habitats that characterize the Cerrado ecoregion - one of the oldest tropical ecosystems of the Earth. It hosts more than 60% of all plant species and almost 80% of all vertebrate species observed in the Cerrado. All the endangered great mammals of the Cerrado are present, with the exception of the giant otter. In addition, the site is home to many rare small mammals and endemic birds of the Cerrado. Science continues to discover new species in this site.

Integrity

All important areas essential to the long-term survival of key species, particularly the large predators, are found in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (also protected by the "Environmental Protection Area of Pouso Alto” buffer zone) and in the Emas National Park. Although the Emas Park is almost completely surrounded by agricultural zones, its management aims to overcome the outside impacts, especially fires (although agricultural encroachment remains a problem). Research carried out in this site revealed that the large predators use it to feed and reproduce, which indicates that its dimensions are adequate to meet the biological needs of these species. Projects for the creation of biological corridors are under development to prevent these parks, especially Emas, from becoming islands surrounded by agricultural land.

Protection and management requirements

Both parks are legally registered in the "Integral Protection Group" within the "National System of Conservation Units" of Brazil, equivalent to an IUCN Category II Protected Area. This allows only the indirect use of their natural resources. The management of these areas is ensured by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), an independent federal agency under the Ministry of Environment and responsible for the protection of the Brazilian natural heritage.

In the 1990s, the management of the National Parks of Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas included emergency plans. At the same time, certain actions were developed in order to promote economic alternatives for the surrounding population through partnerships with non-government organizations. In 2004 and 2009, management plans were elaborated respectively for the Emas and Chapada dos Veadeiros National Parks. These plans were developed in collaboration with all stakeholders, including the prefectures, owners, local residents and tourism associations. Their goal was to economically integrate society in the activities of the Park, for sustainable tourism, while discouraging illegal activities in and around its perimeter.

Several projects, including the "Ecological Corridor Cerrado-Pantanal" which aims to improve connectivity and environmental education in the Emas National Park and the "Ecological Corridor Paranã-Pirineus", in the framework of the biosphere reserve of the Cerrado, seek to increase environmental connectivity and support sustainable economic policies, such as ecotourism.

Some key challenges for the management of the property are the fight against fires, agricultural expansion, mining exploitation, plant extraction, hunting and uncontrolled tourism. All these threats have been significantly mitigated for some time. One of the emerging threats to the Emas National Park is the increasing presence of alien herbaceous species.  Upon inscription of the site, only the perimeter of the park was affected, however a monitoring and prevention system against any new invasion has become necessary.