<
 
 
 
 
×
>
You are viewing an archived web page, collected at the request of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) using Archive-It. This page was captured on 13:52:34 Sep 29, 2021, and is part of the UNESCO collection. The information on this web page may be out of date. See All versions of this archived page.
Loading media information hide
English Français

Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System

Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System

The Upper Harz mining water management system, which lies south of the Rammelsberg mines and the town of Goslar, has been developed over a period of some 800 years to assist in the process of extracting ore for the production of non-ferrous metals. Its construction was first undertaken in the Middle Ages by Cistercian monks, and it was then developed on a vast scale from the end of the 16th century until the 19th century. It is made up of an extremely complex but perfectly coherent system of artificial ponds, small channels, tunnels and underground drains. It enabled the development of water power for use in mining and metallurgical processes. It is a major site for mining innovation in the western world.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Mines de Rammelsberg, ville historique de Goslar et système de gestion hydraulique du Haut-Harz

Le système de gestion hydraulique minier du Haut-Harz, au sud des mines de Rammelsberg et de la ville de Golsar, accompagne l'exploitation de minerais pour la production de métaux non ferreux, depuis près de 800 ans. Il a été entrepris au Moyen Âge par les moines cisterciens et fut ensuite développé à grande échelle de la fin du 16e au 19e siècle. Il est constitué d’un système très complexe mais parfaitement cohérent d'étangs artificiels, de petits canaux, de tunnels et de drains souterrains. Il a permis le développement de l'énergie hydraulique au profit de la mine et des procédés métallurgiques. C'est un lieu majeur de l'innovation minière dans le monde occidental.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

نظام إدارة المياه في أوبرهارز

تم تطوير نظام إدارة المياه في أوبرهارز، الذي يقع جنوب مناجم راميلسبورغ ومدينة غوسلار، على مدى حوالى 800 سنة للمساعدة في عملية استخراج المعادن الخام لإنتاج معادن غير حديدية. وبُني هذا النظام على يد رهبان بندكتيين في القرون الوسطى، وتم تطويره على نطاق واسع اعتباراً من نهاية القرن السادس عشر حتى القرن التاسع عشر. ويتألف هذا النظام من مجموعة تتميز باتساق تام - وإن كانت معقدة جداً - من البرك الصناعية، والقنوات الصغيرة، والأنفاق، والبالوعات الجوفية. وأتاح نظام إدارة المياه في أوبرهارز تطوير توليد الطاقة من المياه لاستخدامها في عمليات استخراج المعادن والتعدين. ويُعتبر هذا النظام موقعاً بارزاً للابتكار في مجال استخراج المعادن في العالم الغربي

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

上哈尔茨山的水资源管理系统

上哈尔茨的水动力采矿系统,位于赖迈尔斯堡矿和戈斯拉尔古城以南,主要用来协助提取有色金属矿,其开发使用的历史达到800年。这套系统最初由中世纪熙笃会僧侣建成,16世纪末到19世纪期间得到了大规模开发。这是一套复杂却关联性极强的系统,组成部分包括人工池塘、小通道、隧道及地下排水渠等,建造的目的是使用水力帮助进行采矿和冶金。这是体现西方世界矿业发展创新的一处重要遗址。

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Шахтерский город Рёрус и его окрестности

История города Рёрос связана с медными рудниками, заложенными в семнадцатом веке и эксплуатировавшимися в течение 333 лет - вплоть до 1977 года. Полностью восстановленный после разрушения шведскими войсками в 1679 году, город насчитывает около 2000 одно- и двухэтажных деревянных домов и литейных мастерских. Многие из них сохранили свои фасады из потемневшего от времени дерева, придающие городу средневековый облик. Памятник был включен в Список всемирного наследия в 1980 году. Теперь он расширяется за счет ряда участков, окружающих город, а также - культурного ландшафта его промышленной и сельской местностей; Фемундситты – литейной мастерской и прилегающей к ней территории; зимней проезжей дороги. Памятник окружен буферной зоной, охватывающей бывшую зону привилегий (Круг), дарованную предприятию датско-норвежским королевским двором (1646). Он иллюстрирует становление и расцвет культуры, связанной с добычей меди, в отдаленном районе с суровым климатом.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Sistema de gestión hidráulica del Alto Harz

El sistema de gestión hidráulica minero del Alto Harz, al sur de las minas de Rammelsberg y de la ciudad de Gosla, acompaña la explotación de minerales para la producción de metales no ferrosos desde hace casi 800 años. Fue iniciado en la Edad Media por los monjes cistercienses y se desarrolló de manera masiva desde el final del siglo XVI hasta el siglo XIX. Ofrece un sistema muy complejo pero perfectamente coherente de estanques artificiales, pequeños canales, túneles y drenajes subterráneos. Permitió en particular el desarrollo de la energía hidráulica, que se utilizaba en la mina y en los procedimientos metalúrgicos. Se trata de un sitio mayor representativo de la innovación minera en el mundo occidental.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Mijnen van Rammelsberg, historische stad Goslar en Oberharz watermanagementsysteem

Het Oberharz mijnbouw-watermanagementsysteem ligt ten zuiden van de Rammelsberg mijnen en de stad Goslar. Het is gedurende een periode van ongeveer 800 jaar ontwikkeld om te helpen bij het proces van ertswinning voor de productie van niet-ijzerhoudende metalen. De bouw begon in de middeleeuwen en het systeem werd op grote schaal ontwikkeld aan het einde van de 16e eeuw tot de 19e eeuw. Het bestaat uit een uiterst complex, maar volkomen samenhangend stelsel van kunstmatige vijvers, kleine kanalen, tunnels en ondergrondse riolering. Het systeem maakte de ontwikkeling van waterkracht mogelijk voor het gebruik in de mijnbouw en metaalverwerkende processen.

Source: unesco.nl

  • English
  • French
  • Arabic
  • Chinese
  • Russian
  • Spanish
  • Dutch
Upper Harz Water Management System © UNESCO
Outstanding Universal Value

Brief synthesis

The copper, lead and tin mines of Rammelsberg mountain, in the Harz region, were worked continuously from the 11th century until the 1980s. They bear outstanding testimony to mining installations and practices in Europe, both in terms of surface and underground remains, particularly from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period.

The remains of the Cistercian monastery of Walkenried and the mines of the Upper Harz bear testimony to the first attempts to systematically extract non-ferrous metal ores (including silver, lead, tin and copper) in Europe, and to develop water-management systems for this purpose.

Located close to the Rammelsberg mines, the town of Goslar played an important part in the Hanseatic League because of the richness of the Rammelsberg metal-ore veins. From the 10th to the 12th century it became one of the seats of the Holy Roman Empire. Its historic centre, which dates back to the Middle Ages, is perfectly preserved, and includes some 1,500 timber-framed houses from the 15th to 19th centuries. The Upper Harz water-management system, through its extensive surface area, including a large number of artificial ponds and ditches, together with drains and underground shafts, bears testimony to the importance of the management and use of water for mining purposes, from the Middle Ages until the end of the 20th century.

Criterion (i): The historic mining network of the Mines of Rammelsberg, the Historic Town of Goslar and the Upper Harz Water-Management System constitutes one of the largest mining and metallurgical complexes for non-ferrous metals in Europe. Known to have existed since ancient times, it has been in continuous use since the Middle Ages, initially under the impetus of Cistercian monks, and in later periods under the control of regional princes and of the Holy Roman Empire, of which Goslar was one of the capitals. The ensemble is an outstanding example of human creative genius in the fields of mining techniques and industrial water-management.

Criterion (ii): The historic mining network of the Mines Rammelsberg, the Historic Town of Goslar and the Upper Harz Water-Management System exhibits an important interchange of human values, in the field of mining and water management techniques, from the Middle Ages until the modern and contemporary periods in Europe. It was the inspiration for Agricola’s De re metallica, the authoritative work on metallurgy and mining in the Renaissance.

Criterion (iv): The historic mining network of the Mines of Rammelsberg, the Historic Town of Goslar and the Upper Harz Water-Management System constitutes an outstanding and very comprehensive technological ensemble in the fields of mining techniques, non-ferrous metallurgy and the management of water for drainage and power. Its extent and its period of continuous operation are exceptional. It also provides a characteristic example of administrative and commercial organization in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period, through the remains of the monastery of Walkenried and the town planning of the Historic Town of Goslar.

Integrity and authenticity

The integrity of the water-management system is excellent in terms of its very comprehensive embodiment in the property, its functional dimension which is still in use, and the quality of the associated landscapes in the Upper Harz mountains. It bears testimony however primarily to alterations dating from the Renaissance until the contemporary era. In some specific cases, efforts to preserve ancient and traditional water-management elements are essential.

With regard to the industrial and technical elements of the Rammelsberg mine, the authenticity of the surviving elements is unquestionable. Inevitably alterations and reconstructions have taken place at Goslar over a period of almost ten centuries, but most of the current historic centre is fully authentic. The monastery of Walkenried contains both well conserved elements and ruins. Its authenticity is unquestionable.

Protection and management requirements

In 1977 the Upper Harz Water Management System was classified as a technical monument by the State of Lower Saxony. The Monument Protection Act (Niedersächsischen Denkmalschutzgesetz) of 1978 protects all the architectural elements and industrial structures of the property proposed for the extension.

Individually, each of the constituent parts of the property is satisfactorily managed, and is provided with adequate structures and competent staff. An architectural restoration and conservation programme has thus been carried out in the historic town of Goslar, and the development of an interpretation centre has been undertaken at Rammelsberg. The same applies to the extension of the property to include the Upper Harz, where each part of the property has individual management structures which are generally effective: the water-management system by the technical company Harzwasserwerke, the monastery by a foundation, and the various mining, museum and tourism sites by foundations, associations or bodies linked to the municipal authorities. There is however no overall management system for the serial property, no common scientific committee for the serial property, and no overarching authority bringing together all the stakeholders involved in the conservation and management of the serial property. These shortcomings must be rapidly corrected, and a general management plan must be drawn up, with an overall vision of the conservation of the property’s OUV and its future prospects, particularly in terms of the development of tourism.

Notes
  • Property inscribed for both geological and ecological values under natural criterion N (ii) before 1994. Criterion N (i) [Operational Guidelines 2002] was added. For more details see Decision 30.COM 8D.1.