Le Meshrep

Inscrit en 2010 (5.COM) sur la Liste du patrimoine immatériel nécessitant une sauvegarde urgente

Répandu chez les Ouïgours, largement concentrés dans la région autonome ouïgoure du Xinjiang de la Chine, le Meshrep constitue le principal vecteur culturel des traditions ouïgoures. L’événement complet du Meshrep recèle une riche collection de traditions et d’arts du spectacle, tels que la musique, la danse, le théâtre, les arts populaires, l’acrobatie, la littérature orale, les habitudes alimentaires et les jeux. Le muqam ouïgour est la forme d’art la plus complète comprise dans l’événement qui intègre le chant, la danse et le divertissement. Le Meshrep fonctionne à la fois comme une « cour » où l’hôte agit en médiateur des conflits et assure la préservation des règles morales, et comme une « salle de classe » où les gens peuvent s’instruire sur leurs coutumes traditionnelles. Le Meshrep est surtout transmis et hérité par des hôtes qui en connaissent les usages et les connotations culturelles, et par les interprètes virtuoses qui y participent ainsi que par toute la population ouïgoure qui y assiste. Toutefois, il y a de nombreux facteurs qui mettent sa viabilité en péril, tels que les mutations sociales qui résultent de l’urbanisation et de l’industrialisation, l’influence des cultures nationales et étrangères, et l’exode des jeunes Ouïgours vers les villes pour travailler. La fréquence des représentations et le nombre de participants diminuent progressivement, tandis que le nombre de transmetteurs qui connaissent les règles traditionnelles et le riche contenu de l’événement est passé brutalement de plusieurs centaines à quelques dizaines.

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

: © ICH Protection and Research Center, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, 2009

Rapport périodique

2015

Rapport périodique (USL)

Page de couverture

État partie

Nom de l'État partie

Chine

Date du dépôt de l'instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhésion

Elle peut être consultée en ligne.

2004-12-02

Élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente qui fait l'objet du présent rapport

Nom de l'élément

Meshrep

Inscrit en

2010

Période considérée dans le présent rapport

Veuillez indiquer la période couverte par le présent rapport.

January 2011 - December 2015

Autres éléments inscrits sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente, le cas échéant

Veuillez établir une liste de tous les autres éléments présents sur le territoire de votre pays qui sont inscrits sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente et indiquer en quelle année ils y ont été inscrits ; pour ce qui est des éléments multinationaux, veuillez indiquer quels autres États sont concernés.

L’imprimerie chinoise à caractères mobiles en bois (2010)
La conception et les pratiques traditionnelles de construction des ponts chinois de bois en arc (2009)
La technique des cloisons étanches des jonques chinoises (2010)
Le festival du Nouvel An des Qiang (2009)
Le Yimakan, les récits oraux des Hezhen (2011)
Les techniques textiles traditionnelles des Li : filage, teinture, tissage et broderie (2009)

Synthèse du rapport

Veuillez fournir une synthèse du rapport, qui permette au grand public de comprendre l'état actuel de l'élément, mentionne toute incidence positive ou négative de son inscription et fasse état des mesures de sauvegarde mises en œuvre pendant la période considérée et leur possible mise à jour les années suivantes.

Meshrep is a widespread event in Uygur communities of China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. With diversified forms for different regions or functions, the event is the major occasion for practicing the Uygur traditional customs and displaying such art forms as music, dance, drama, acrobatics, games, and oral expressions, and so on. However, its viability is endangered by numerous factors, including social changes resulting from urbanization and industrialization, the influence of national and foreign cultures, and the migration of young Uygur people to cities for work. The frequency of its occurrence and the number of its participants are progressively diminishing, while the number of bearers who understand its traditional rules and rich content has sharply decreased from hundreds to tens.
The inscription of the element on the Urgent Safeguarding List in November 2010 has positive impacts on its safeguarding. The awareness of the importance and value of their intangible cultural heritage among Uygur people has been gradually raised. Relevant communities, groups, individuals, and non-governmental organizations have actively participated in the safeguarding practice and transmission communication activities and benefited from the process. Over 30 varieties of Meshrep, such as Kok (young crops) Meshrep, Keiyet (Disciplinary) Meshrep, have been recovered and improved since the inscription of the element on the List. By the end of 2015, with the coordination and cooperation of relevant parties, the efficiency of resources utilization has been improved, great achievements have been made in enhancing the viability of the element with the implementation of a series of safeguarding measures, and its endangered status has been effectively eased.
(1) Safeguarding mechanism has been established. Governments and culture departments at all levels have formulated laws, regulations, and safeguarding policies to enhance the construction of the inventory systems and provide financial aid for representative bearers to create favorable condition for them to take apprentices and participate in demonstration and exchange activities.
(2) Supplementary survey on Meshrep has been carried out to collect, collate, and preserve relevant information. Special column for Meshrep has been set up in the website of intangible cultural heritage and digital museum of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
(3) Transmission centers and bases for Meshrep have been founded in major communities to provide the platform of practice, publicity, and exchange for its survival and transmission.
(4) Post-graduate students majoring in the research on Meshrep have been enrolled by institutes of higher learning to support its transmission through formal education of professional degree.
(5) Relevant research achievements, such as Uygur Meshrep Culture and Research on Uygur Meshrep, have been published.

Personne à contacter pour la correspondance

Donnez le nom, l'adresse et les coordonnées d'une personne à qui toute correspondance concernant le rapport doit être adressée.

Titre (Mme/M., etc.)

Nom de famille

Wang

Prénom

Jie

Institution/fonction

Director

Adresse

Division of Intangible Cultural Heritage Cultural Department of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 312 Renmin Lu Urumqi City Xinjiang 830002

Numéro de téléphone

+86-991-8826303

Numéro de fax

Adresse électronique

xjfyc@sina.cn

Autres informations pertinentes

http://www.xjihprc.com

B. État de l'élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente

Veuillez vous référer au dossier de candidature ou aux précédents rapports, le cas échéant, pour savoir quand établir un rapport sur l'état actuel de l'élément et ne rendez compte que des changements pertinents survenus depuis la date de son inscription sur la Liste ou depuis le précédent rapport. Les dossiers de candidature, les calendriers spécifiques et les précédents rapports, le cas échéant, sont disponibles à l'adresse suivante : https://ich.unesco.org ou peuvent être demandés au Secrétariat.

L'État partie s'efforce de prêter une attention particulière au rôle du genre et d'assurer la plus large participation possible des communautés, des groupes et, le cas échéant, des individus concernés ainsi que des organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes pendant le processus de préparation de ce rapport ; il lui est demandé au point D ci-dessous de décrire de quelle manière il y est parvenu.

B.1. Fonctions sociales et culturelles

Expliquez les fonctions, les significations sociales et culturelles de l'élément aujourd'hui, au sein et pour ces communautés, les caractéristiques de ses détenteurs et de ses praticiens et décrivez, entre autres, toute catégorie de personnes exerçant un rôle ou des responsabilités spécifiques vis-à-vis de l'élément. Une attention particulière devrait être accordée à tout changement pertinent susceptible d'avoir des répercussions sur le critère d’inscription U.1 (« L’élément est constitutif du patrimoine culturel immatériel tel que défini à l'article 2 de la Convention »).

(1) Social and Cultural Functions
Found among the Uygur people concentrated largely in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Meshrep constitutes the most important cultural carrier of Uygur traditions, an important channel for the public to learn, transmit, and carry forward ethics and moralities, folk customs and etiquettes, and culture and art, as well as the important part of Uygur traditional festivals and folk activities. Meshrep functions both as a "court", where the host mediates conflicts and ensures the preservation of moral standards, and as a "classroom", where people can learn about their traditional customs. It provides rich traditional knowledge, etiquettes and customs, and sustainable cultural identity for the own ethnic group. Through participating in the peactices, the awareness of the common identity and the sense of belonging to the culture in the communities can be maintained and strengthened.
There are dozens of varieties of Meshrep with different names. For example, the Kok (young crops) Meshrep is held in springtime; the Hoxallik (festivity) Meshrep takes place at weddings, adulthood rites, harvest and festivals; the Namakul (apology) Meshrep is held to mediate conflicts or settle disputes; the Keiyet (disciplinary) Meshrep is performed with the aim of criticizing immoral behaviors or educating the public; the Dolan Meshrep is meant to show admiration for the hunting life and bravery of the ancestors; and the Ketaphan (storytelling) Meshrep serves as a sort of review of literature. Thus, the word put in front of Meshrep indicates the social and cultural function it is meant to perform.
(2) Characteristics of the Bearers and Practitioners
Meshrep is mainly transmitted by hosts who are familiar with its rules, cultural connotations, and regional styles, and by virtuoso folk artists who frequently participate in the events. They learn the tradition either from older hosts and skilled folk artist, or by frequently attending the Meshrep events. They become hosts of the Meshrep called Yigit Bexi only after obtaining the appreciation and recognition of the local masses. Meanwhile, the transmission of Meshrep cannot dispense with the majority of Uygur people who participate in its actual practice. In general, the event is participated by hundreds of people. Male or female, young or old, everyone is the participant. Currently, women and young people are playing an increasingly important role in the transmission of the element.
(3) Specific Roles or Categories of Persons with Special Responsibilities towards the Element
Meshrep is hosted by Yigit Bexi elected by the local people. Yigit Bexi is the core bearer of Meshrep who shoulders special responsibilities. Being familiar with the rules and styles of Meshrep, he has the supreme power to preside over the rituals, songs and dances, games, mock court proceedings, and so on.

B.2. Analyse de sa viabilité et risques auxquels il est actuellement exposé

Décrivez le degré actuel de viabilité de l'élément, en particulier la fréquence et l'étendue de sa pratique, la vigueur des modes de transmission traditionnels, la composition démographique des praticiens et des publics, et sa durabilité. Veuillez aussi identifier et décrire les facteurs qui, le cas échéant, constituent une menace pour la pérennité de la transmission et de la représentation de l'élément et indiquez le degré de gravité et de proximité de tels facteurs, en accordant une attention particulière à tout renforcement ou affaiblissement de la viabilité de l'élément suite à son inscription.

(1) Current Level of Viability
The population of the Uygur ethnic group in China is 8,399,393 (in 2000). The majority of them, 8,345,622, live in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, accounting for 99.4% of the total Uygur population in China. The Uygur people living in Xinjiang gather mainly at oases around the Tarim Basin to the south of Tianshan Mountains, especially at the Kashgar oasis, Hotan oasis, and along the Aksu River and Tarim River basins. Meshrep is centered in these regions. The traditional forms are still maintained, especially in the vast rural area, showing extensive and lasting cultural impact and social demand in the life of the Uygur people. After the inscription of the element on the List, the awareness of the value of Meshrep has been further raised among the public and the frequency and scope of relevant practice have been further improved and expanded. With the implementation of such transmission and safeguarding measures as formal education, publicity, and publication, the rich connotation and outstanding culture value of Meshrep have been extensively demonstrated and recognized. Its viability has been obviously enhanced. For example, a total of 445 Kok (young crops) Meshrep have been organized in oasis towns and townships like Astane, Kara Dowe, Rahat Bagh and mountain areas like Tengri Tagh and Gherbi Tagh in Hami City from 2011 to 2015.
By establishing the bearer training mechanism, the number of representative bearers has increased with more young people participating in the transmission of Meshrep. At present, there are in total 209 representative bearers. The major and active channels for the transmission of Meshrep are still intergenerational transmission within families and from bearers to their apprentices.
In addition, lovers of the element have emerged from all walks of life. In particular, the safeguarding practice has been integrated into the formal education system in Kashgar City, Awat County, Mori Kazakh Autonomous County, and so on, through bringing the games, songs, and dances of Meshrep into classroom to expand the group of practitioners and strengthen the intergenerational transmission to a certain extent.
Xinjiang TV and other media have actively promoted Meshrep in various kinds of activities in cities and towns, making it possible to maintain the vitality of the element in diversified ways.
(2) Current Threats
The way of people's production and living has been changed with the rapid development of urbanization and modernization. Therefore, the natural environment of agriculture civilization and related cultural and ecological environment for the practice of Meshrep have been changed as well. The number of Meshrep events organized spontaneously by the Uygur people according to the traditional procedure has diminished. Sometimes the form has been simplified and sometimes the connotation has been changed. The strong impact of modern media and popular culture has made many distinctive social and cultural functions of Meshrep decline or replaced. Training and education aimed at future bearer is also facing new problems and the traditional modes of transmission could hardly be continued. With the implementation of the bearer training mechanism and the participation of young people, the trend of sharp decrease of hosts (Yigit Bexi) for Meshrep has been controlled. More opportunities have been provided for young people to command traditional cultural and art techniques, yet their interest in them is weakening. A lot of young people have left the transmission process of the element to continue their advanced education or to find a new job, posing the threat of disruption to the transmission of the element.

B.3. Mise en œuvre des mesures de sauvegarde

Veuillez rendre compte des mesures de sauvegardes qui ont été décrites dans le dossier de candidature et dans un précédent rapport, le cas échéant. Décrivez de quelle manière elles ont été mises en œuvre et ont contribué de façon substantielle à la sauvegarde de l'élément au cours de la période considérée, en tenant compte des contraintes externes ou internes telles que des ressources limitées. Incluez en particulier des informations sur les mesures prises afin d'assurer la viabilité de l'élément en permettant à la communauté d'en poursuivre la pratique et la transmission. Fournissez les renseignements suivants en ce qui concerne la mise en œuvre de l’ensemble des mesures de sauvegarde ou du plan de sauvegarde :

B.3.a. Objectifs et résultats

Indiquez quels objectifs principaux ont été atteints et quels résultats concrets ont été obtenus pendant la période considérée.

During the reporting period, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has set the following objectives on the basis of consolidating the previous achievements in the safeguarding of Meshrep: the first is to improve the transmission mechanism for Meshrep, especially the bearer training mechanism; the second is to explore and recover its diversified social and cultural functions; the third is to stimulate the enthusiasm of the public, in particular young people, to participate in Meshrep practice; the fourth is to train Meshrep hosts and new practitioners to constantly improve the viability of the element and relieve the threat and risk.
After the inscription on the List, concrete results have been attained in Meshrep practice and transmission. Currently, intangible culture heritages, including Meshrep, have been safeguarded through legislation at local, autonomous region, and national levels; the bearer training mechanism of Meshrep has been established to provide financial aid for representative bearers and encourage the training of new hosts and excellent practitioners through taking apprentices, providing training courses, and other forms; the supplementary survey on Meshrep in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has been implemented to collect and collate the audio and video materials of the endangered Meshrep forms for research and promotion; the construction of pilot zone for the preservation of transmission space and cultural ecology has been completed so that the communities where the element is centered may organize practice, promotion, and exchange activities on a regular basis for improving the frequency of practice and viability of traditional procedures. Modern media like TV station, website, and digital museum have been used to improve the visibility and recognition of the element and promote the exchange and mutual respect of different cultures. The conference on the safeguarding of Meshrep in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has been held and interviews with experts on the safeguarding of Meshrep have been broadcasted on Xinjiang TV to promote the relevant academic research on the element; post-graduate students majoring in the research on Meshrep have been enrolled by institutes of higher learning to support its transmission through formal education of professional degree.

B.3.b. Activités de sauvegarde

Dressez la liste des principales activités menées au cours de la période considérée pour obtenir ces résultats escomptés. Veuillez décrire les activités en détail en mentionnant leur efficacité et tout problème rencontré dans leur mise en œuvre.

Key activities that were carried out during the reporting period and the effectiveness:
(1) The bearer training mechanism has been established and improved. At present, there are 209 representative bearers of Meshrep. They are supported by governments at all levels with financial aids, exemption from volunteer work, free medical examination, and other ways so as to carry out practice and transmission activities. In the past five years, over 200 training workshops have been organized by relevant competent bodies for safeguarding to train and select excellent bearers. Mori Kazakh Autonomous County has included Tagh Meshrep into the extracurricular activities in primary schools in such key areas as Bostan County and Dong Qeng County to improve the participation of teenagers.
(2) Supplementary survey has been carried out by safeguarding bodies and relevant communities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to keep salvage record of a great deal of precious information through on-site recording and collection of physical assets. With video of 507 hours, audio of 139.7 hours, 12,410 pictures, and 236 physical assets, the preliminary archive system of Meshrep is established.
(3) The construction of the pilot zone for the preservation of cultural ecology, transmission centers, and transmission bases have been completed in communities where the element is centered. For example, folk art groups have been founded in culture centers of Kara Tal County and Aykol County of Aksu City, and transmission club and art team of Tagh Meshrep have been founded in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County. These folk groups have organized activities regularly, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of folk artists and the public in the communities and from the ourside to participate in relevant activities. The practice, promotion and exchange activities of Meshrep have been organized during such festivals and events as Noruz, Cultural Heritage Day, Hundred Day Square Culture Activity, Peasants and Herdsmen Art Show.
(4) Modern media methods have been used in improving the visibility and recognition of Meshrep. In order to promote and exhibit the element, Xinjiang TV Channel II has broadcasted programs on Meshrep at different places and the Reserach Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has set up special columns for Meshrep on its website and digital museum (http://www.xjihprc.com/) and has been to townships and towns in Hami for many times to shoot the thematic documentary Kok Meshrep.
(5) The conference on the safeguarding of Meshrep in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was held in 2013. Heads of cultural departments of 12 cities and counties, and 8 prefectures and autonomous prefectures and representative bearers have attended the conference which summarized the completed work on safeguarding Meshrep and made plans for future work.
(6) The construction of the inventory systems has been enhanced. Currently, Meshrep of 4 prefectures and autonomous prefectures and 5 cities and counties (Makit County, Awat County, Aksu City, Mori Kazakh Autonomous County, and Hami City) has been inscribed on the List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage and that of 9 prefectures and autonomous prefectures and 11 cities and counties has been inscribed on the List of Autonomous Region Level Intangible Cultural Heritage. 47 units for safeguarding the element have been identified. Through the promotion of the construction of the inventory systems at all levels, the participants of the safeguarding and transmission of Meshrep have expanded to the whole society.
(7) Post-graduate students majoring in the research on Meshrep have been enrolled by institutes of higher learning to support its transmission through formal education of professional degree. From 2014 to 2015, Music Department of Xinjiang Arts Academy has enrolled four post-graduate students majoring in the research on Meshrep and opened relevant courses like Research on Meshrep; many post-graduate students from School of Humanities in Xinjiang University and School of Music in Xinjiang Normal University have chosen the research on Meshrep as the topic of their graduation thesis. A number of academic papers and monographs have been published.
The full implementation of these safeguarding measures has effectively alleviated the endangered situation of Meshrep and enhanced its viability. The existing problems still lie in the fast transformation from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society, the impact of mass culture on tradition, and so on. Compared with training and supporting relevant subjects of safeguarding and transmission, it is more important, urgent, and difficult to maintain and preserve the social environment favorable to the element.

B.3.c. Participation de communautés, de groupes ou d'individus aux activités de sauvegarde

Veuillez décrire de quelle manière les communautés, les groupes ou, le cas échéant, les individus ainsi que les organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes ont participé de façon effective à l'exécution des mesures de sauvegarde, y compris en termes de rôles du genre. Décrivez le rôle joué par l'organisation ou l'organe chargé de l'exécution (dénomination, informations de référence, etc.) et les ressources humaines qui ont été mises à disposition pour la mise en œuvre des activités de sauvegarde.

Communities, groups, and individuals concerned, as well as relevant non-governmental organizations have participated in the implementation of the safeguarding measures. Relevant communities in the transmission areas of Meshrep like Aksu, Kashgar, Hotan, Hami, Turpan, the local centers for the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage, and hundreds of organizations including safeguarding units of the element, schools, and media, have closely collaborated in the implementation of the safeguarding measures. More than 800 activities have been organized since 2010.
Apart from carrying out transmission and practice activities to fulfill the obligation of bearers to train two to three new bearers yearly, the 209 representative bearers have also organized a diversity of cultural activities together with administrators in local communities and actively cooperated with TV stations and researchers in shooting programs and interviews to promote the research on Meshrep. The skills and performances have been improved continuously in these activities and well recognized among the local people. At present, people in over 30 cities and counties, including Makit County, Yarkand County, Yengisar County, and Hami City, organize voluntarily an anual large-scale Meshrep event respectively, attracting over 100,000 local residents and people from neighbourhoods.
Non-governmental organizations in different places have actively implemented transmission and demonstration activities based on cultural centers in villages and towns, transmission centers, and transmission bases. For example, the transmission club of Tagh Meshrep in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County, the art team of Tagh Meshrep in Shenjiagou village of Dong Qeng COunty, and the transmission club of Meshrep in Bostan COunty have organized demonstration and training activities during festivals and slack season from farming. There are in total 20 members in the transmission club of Tagh Meshrep in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County, including 9 females. The eldest member in the club is 67 years old and the youngest one is 30 years old. 14 of them are below 50 years old.
Such institutes of higher learning as Xinjiang Folklore Research Center of Xinjiang University, School of Music in Xinjiang Normal University, have published a number of academic achievements, including the monographs Uygur Meshrep Culture (In Uygur), and Research on Uygur Meshrep. The Institute of China Uygur Classical Literature and Muqam has also collected, collated, and published the video and book China Uygur Meshrep (DVD).
The Research Centre for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang has taken the lead in the survey and research on Meshrep by providing overall plan for the resources related to the safeguarding of the element and enhancing operational guidance. It has mobilized nearly 360 bearers, experts and scholars, and officials from the cultural authorities to participate in the safeguarding of Meshrep.

B.3.d. Calendrier et budget

Indiquez, sous forme de calendrier, les dates de mise en œuvre de chacune des activités et quels fonds ont été utilisés à cette fin, en indiquant dans chaque cas l'origine du financement (sources gouvernementales, contributions en nature des communautés locales, etc.).

In 2011
(1) Bearer Training Mechanism
Financial aid for autonomous region level bearers: 58,000 RMB
Financial aid for other bearers: 222,000 RMB
Training workshops, transmission and practice events: 320,000 RMB
(2) Field research, recording, and filing: 500,000 RMB
(3) Community Activities
Repairing the venue for transmission and practice and purchasing props: 600,000 RMB
Promotion and demonstration activities in different places: 500,000 RMB

In 2012
(1) Bearer Training Mechanism
Financial aid for autonomous region level bearers: 54,000 RMB
Financial aid for other bearers: 280,000 RMB
Training workshops, transmission and practice events: 396,000 RMB
(2) Supplementary survey, documentation, etc.:478,000 RMB
(3) Repairing the venue for transmission and practice and purchasing props: 550,000 RMB
(4) Activities organized by relevant communities and organizations: 580,000 RMB
(5) Research and publication: 150,000 RMB

In 2013
(1) Bearer Training Mechanism
Financial aid for autonomous region level bearers: 62,000 RMB
Financial aid for other bearers: 340,000 RMB
Training workshops, transmission and practice events: 450,000 RMB
(2) Recording, documentation, etc.: 400,000 RMB
(3) Repairing the venue for transmission and practice and purchasing props: 900,000 RMB
(4) Activities organized by relevant communities and social clubs: 840,000 RMB
(5) Construction of digital museum: 30,000 RMB
(6) The conference on the safeguarding of Meshrep in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: 150,000 RMB
(7) Research and publication: 170,000 RMB

In 2014
(1) Bearer Training Mechanism
Financial aid for autonomous region level bearers: 62,000 RMB
Financial aid for other bearers: 380,000 RMB
Training workshops, transmission and practice events: 350,000 RMB
(2) Field research, documentary production: 480,000 RMB
(3) Repairing the venue for transmission and practice and purchasing props: 560,000 RMB
(4) Activities organized by relevant communities and organizations: 650,000 RMB
(5) Training post-graduate students: 150,000 RMB
(6) Maintenance of digital museum: 20,000 RMB

In 2015
(1) Bearer Training Mechanism
Financial aid for autonomous region level bearers: 77,000 RMB
Financial aid for other bearers: 560,000 RMB
Training workshops, transmission and practice events: 400,000 RMB
(2) Field research, documentary production: 540,000 RMB
(3) Repairing the facilities for transmission and practice and purchasing props: 720,000 RMB
(4) Activities organized by relevant communities and organizations: 850,000 RMB
(5) Training post-graduate students: 150,000 RMB
(6) Research and publication: 250,000 RMB
(7) Maintenance of digital museum: 20,000 RMB

The majority of the funds come from the investment of the central government and governments at all levels and a small amount comes from non-governmental organizations.

B.3.e Efficacité globale des activités de sauvegarde

Procédez à une évaluation globale de l'efficacité des activités menées pour parvenir aux résultats escomptés et de l'utilisation des fonds nécessaires à leur mise en œuvre. Veuillez indiquer de quelles manières les activités ont contribué à l’obtention des résultats et si d'autres activités auraient été mieux adaptées à cette fin. Indiquez aussi si les mêmes résultats auraient pu être obtenus avec de moindres ressources financières, si les ressources humaines disponibles étaient appropriées et si les communautés, groupes et individus concernés auraient pu participer davantage.

The overall effect of the safeguarding activities implemented after the inscription on the List basically meets the expectation of the commitment made in the nomination. With the forming of a reasonable transmission and safeguarding mechanism for the element, people of different ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region have gradually deepened their recognition and understanding of Meshrep and reached cultural identity and consciousness. With their free, prior and informed content, relevant communities, groups, and individuals have participated in the whole process of the implementation of the safeguarding measures. Up to now, 47 Meshrep safeguarding units (5 at national level and 16 at autonomous region level) and 209 representative bearers, including 1 at national level, 20 at autonomous region level (4 deceased), 13 at prefecture (autonomous prefecture, city) level, and 179 at county level, have been identified. The special funds have been mainly used in the urgent recording and preservation of Meshrep, transmission and practice activities of bearers, renting and repairing of transmission and practice facilities, theoretical research and illustration, publication, promotion, and demonstration activities. Over 30 relevant communities in Makit County, Yarkand County, and Hami City, and so on, have encouraged hosts and folk artists to organize Meshrep events to expand the participation in Meshrep in the whole region of Xinjiang. Pilot zone of preservation for cultural ecology has been established in Yarkand County to strive for creating favorable environment and conditions for the safeguarding and transmission of Meshrep. Special performances and professional interviews continuously shown on the mass media like Xinjiang TV, have provided effective supplement to its transmission.
Non-governmental organizations have gradually become a major force in safeguarding Meshrep. After the inscription on the List, bearers from Mori Kazakh Autonomous County, Akto County, Kuchar County, Toksu County, and Yiwu County have founded a diversity of organizations to participate in the safeguarding of Meshrep in different ways. Researchers and lovers of the element have introduced the knowledge of the social function, cultural significance, and value and form of Meshrep to different audiences through their research achievements and websites to strengthen the viability of the element.
The proportion of young people participating in Meshrep event during weddings and festivals has been continuously increased and means of modern technology have promoted the transmission and diversified development of Meshrep. Meshrep focusing on life customs, celebrations, and social management has been recovered in rural areas.
With the recovery and improvement of such traditional forms of Meshrep as Kok (young crops) Meshrep and Keiyet (disciplinary) Meshrep, the situation of the long term simplification and connotation variation of the element has been gradually changed.
However, there is still a lack of international cooperation on the research of Meshrep. There's few foreign academic research on Meshrep. The current conditions under the established commitment still couldn't meet the requirement for organizing international research. This should be one of the priorities for future safeguarding efforts.

B.4. Participation des communautés

Veuillez décrire comment les communautés, groupes et individus ainsi que les organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes ont été impliqués, y compris en termes de rôles liés aux genres, dans la mise à jour du plan de sauvegarde et comment ils seront impliqués dans sa mise en œuvre.

After the inscription on the List, relevant communities, groups, and individuals, as well as non-governmental organizations in the compact areas of Uygur people in Xinjiang have actively participated in the safeguarding and transmission of Meshrep with free, prior and informed content. Relevant communities in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Hami City, Aksu Prefecture, and Kashgar Prefecture, and so on, and the Reserach Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang have implemented the safeguarding measures for the element together. Through organization of exhibition and performance activities of Meshrep on a regular basis and training of young bearers via intergenerational transmission within families and taking apprentices, they are continuously improving the frequency and scope of the safeguarding efforts. Non-governmental organizations have organized a large number of promotion and exchange activities favorable to the viability of the element and the expansion of its basis among the public. Relevant associations, educational and research institutions have also carried out active exploration in terms of the training of talents, researches, and publications. The Institute of China Uyghur Classical Literature and Muqam has taken the lead in the collection, collating, and publication of the video and audio materials of over 30 varieties of Meshrep for different cultural functions in the compact areas of Uygur people in Xinjiang, including Kok (young crops) Meshrep, Keiyet (disciplinary) Meshrep, and Dolan Meshrep; several institutes of higher learning and research centers have also given full play of their advantages to train a group of high-level talents focusing on the study of Meshrep; related academic works and theses have also been published, which further improved the theoretical level of the researches on Meshrep.
Based on the wide recognition on the significance of the safeguarding of the element, related community organizations, representative bearers, and Uygur people have showed the willingness to participate in the actions for safeguarding the element, organize and participate in practices according to the tradition, and train young bearers to try their best to create sustainable transmission mechnism and healthy social and cultural ecology, and effective safeguarding and dynamic transmission of Meshrep. Such representative bearers as Ali Ibram, Talip Kuwan, Osman Sidek have promised to actively fulfill their obligation for transmission and support relevant communities and organizations in the implementation of the safeguarding plan of the element.

B.5. Contexte institutionnel

Veuillez indiquer quelles institutions sont en charge de la gestion locale et de la sauvegarde de l'élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente, notamment :

le(les) organisme(s) compétent(s) impliqué(s) dans sa gestion et/ou sa sauvegarde ;
la(les) organisation(s) de la communauté ou du groupe concernée(s) par l'élément et sa sauvegarde.

a. the competent body(ies) involved in its management and/or safeguarding:
Department of Culture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

b. the organization(s) of the community or group concerned with the element and its safeguarding:
Research Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Transmission Club of Tagh Meshrep in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County
Art Team of Tagh Meshrep in Shenjiagou Village of Dong Qeng County in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County
Transmission Club of Meshrep in Bostan County in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County
Folk Art Group of Culture Center of Kara Tal Town in Aksu City
Folk Art Group of Culture Center of Aykol Town in Aksu City
Cultural Center of Yining County
Cultural Center of Mori Kazakh Autonomous County
Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Hami City
Cultural Center of Gaochang District in Turfan City
Folk Culture Museum of Korla City
Cultural Center of Aksu City
Cultural Center of Awat County
Cultural Center of Akto County
Cultural Center of Shule County
Center for the Research and Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Makit County
Cultural Center of Poskam County
Cultural Center of Maralbexi County
Cultural Relic Management Institute in Yopurga County
Cultural Relic Management Institute in Pishan County
Cultural Center of Keriye County
Cultural Center of Minfeng County
Xinjiang Folklore Research Center of Xinjiang University
School of Music in Xinjiang Normal University
Music Department of Xinjiang Arts Acedemy
Research Center of Xinjiang Intangible Cultural Heritage of Shihezi University
Institute of Xiyu Culture in Tarim University
School of Arts in Kashgar University
Institute of China Uygur Classical Literature and Muqam

B.6. Participation des communautés a l'etablissement du présent rapport

Décrivez les mesures qui ont été prises pour assurer la plus large participation possible des communautés, des groupes et, le cas échéant, des individus ainsi que des organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes concernés pendant la préparation du présent rapport.

From 2013 to 2014, the Research Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has carried out on-site investigations in relevant communities of Hami City, Turfan City, and Qeshqer Prefecture, and interviewed bearers such as Kasim Yakup and Eset Muhtar, as well as related local people. in April 2013, the conference on the safeguarding of Meshrep in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was organized. Heads of 12 safeguarding units and 4 representative bearers including Alim Tohti, Tursun Ezim, Ibrayin Rekip and Seidulla Nurxa attended the conference. In February and March of 2016, Cultural Department of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the Research Center for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang have organized experts to fully discuss the achievements and problems in the safeguarding work of the past years and completed the drafting of the report which not only gathers the written reports of all safeguarding units on their work but also absorbs the suggestions of experts and scholars from research institutions like Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Normal University, and so on.
During the preparations of the report on the status of the element, communities, groups, and individuals in the compact areas of Uygur people and relevant non-governmental organizations confirmed the contents and provided their suggestions on the premise of prior knowledge. For example, representatives from the Transmission Club of Tagh Meshrep in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County and the Transmission Club of Meshrep in Bostan in Mori Kazakh Autonomous County have participated in the related discussions on the drafting of the report and provided or added their experience and specific cases of the safeguarding practice of the element.

C. Signature au nom de l'état partie

Le rapport doit se terminer par la signature du fonctionnaire compétent pour la signer au nom de l'État, accompagnée de son nom, de son titre et de la date de soumission.

Nom

XIE Jinying

Titre

Director General, Bureau for External Cultural Relations, Ministry of Culture, People's Republic of China

Date

27-05-2016