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Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg

Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg

Salzburg has managed to preserve an extraordinarily rich urban fabric, developed over the period from the Middle Ages to the 19th century when it was a city-state ruled by a prince-archbishop. Its Flamboyant Gothic art attracted many craftsmen and artists before the city became even better known through the work of the Italian architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and Santini Solari, to whom the centre of Salzburg owes much of its Baroque appearance. This meeting-point of northern and southern Europe perhaps sparked the genius of Salzburg’s most famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose name has been associated with the city ever since.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Centre historique de la ville de Salzbourg

Salzbourg a su préserver un tissu urbain d’une richesse exceptionnelle élaboré entre le Moyen Âge et le XIXe siècle, alors qu’elle formait une ville-État gouvernée par son prince-archevêque. L’art gothique flamboyant qui s’y épanouit attira dans la ville de nombreux artistes avant que son rayonnement ne s’affirme encore avec l’intervention d’architectes italiens, Vincenzo Scamozzi et Santini Solari, à qui le centre de Salzbourg doit beaucoup de son caractère baroque. Cette rencontre du nord et du sud de l’Europe n’est peut-être pas étrangère au génie du plus illustre des fils de Salzbourg, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, dont la renommée universelle rejaillit désormais sur la ville.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

الوسط التاريخي لمدينة سالسبورغ

لقد تمكّنت سالسبورغ من الحفاظ على نسيج حضري ثري جداً تبلور بين العصور الوسطى والقرن التاسع عشر عندما كانت مدينة- دولة يحكمها أمير – أسقف. وقد جذب الفن القوطي البارز الذي ازدهر فيها عدداً من الفنانين قبل أن يثبت إشعاعها بتدخّل مهندسين معماريين إيطاليين مثل فينشينزو سكاموزي وسانتيني سولاري الذي يدين له وسط سالسبورغ بالكثير من طابعه الباروكي. إن هذا اللقاء بين الشمال والجنوب في أوروبا قد لا يكون غريباً عن تلك العبقرية التي يتمتع بها أهم أبناء سالسبورغ، وهو وولفغانغ أماديوس موزارت، الذي تنعكس سمعته العالمية على المدينة.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

萨尔茨堡市历史中心

当萨尔茨堡还是大主教统治下的一个城邦的时候,就一直在尽力保护那些建于中世纪至19世纪的珍贵城市建筑。在她广为人知之前就以其火焰样的哥特式艺术吸引了大批工匠和艺术家。后来,意大利建筑师文森佐·斯卡莫齐(Vincenzo Scamozzi)和山迪尼·索拉里(Santini Solari)为这里带来了大量巴洛克风格的建筑,通过他们的作品,这个城市也得到了更大的知名度。也许正是这种南北欧艺术的交融才成就了萨尔茨堡最著名的天才——乌夫冈·阿马戴乌斯·莫扎特(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)。从那时起至今, 他的名字便一直和这个城市联系在一起。  

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Исторический центр города Зальцбург

Зальцбург сумел сохранить необычайно богатую городскую застройку, сформировавшуюся в период от средневековья до XIX в., когда он был городом-государством под управлением герцога-архиепископа. Архитектура города в стиле «пламенеющей готики» создавалась множеством ремесленников и художников еще до того, как город стал еще более знаменитым благодаря работам итальянских архитекторов Винченцо Скамоцци и Сантини Солари, которым центр города обязан своим барочным обликом. Зальцбург, расположенный на стыке северной и южной Европы, возможно, стал той искрой, которая породила гений своего самого известного сына – Вольфганга Амадея Моцарта, чье имя всегда ассоциируется с этим городом.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Centro histórico de Salzburgo

Salzburgo ha logrado preservar un tejido urbano de excepcional riqueza, que se fue estructurando desde la Edad Media hasta el siglo XIX, cuando era una ciudad-Estado gobernada por un príncipe-arzobispo. El arte gótico flamígero de sus edificios atrajo a numerosos artistas, incluso antes de que la notoriedad arquitectónica de Salzburgo se afirmase tras la llegada de los arquitectos italianos Vincenzo Scamozzi y Santini Solari, que imprimieron al centro de la ciudad su sello barroco. El hecho de que la ciudad fuese un punto de encuentro entre el norte y el sur de Europa pudo influir en la genial inspiración del más ilustre de sus hijos, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, cuya fama universal aureola desde entonces a Salzburgo.

source: UNESCO/ERI
Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

ザルツブルク市街の歴史地区
中世期から19世紀の間に発展してきた都市建造物がよく保存されている。この都市はイタリアの建築家スカモッティやソラーリによってバロック風景観を呈するにいたったが、それ以前からゴシック芸術が盛んであった。

source: NFUAJ

Historisch centrum van de stad Salzburg

Salzburg is erin geslaagd om zijn bijzonder rijke stedelijke vorm te behouden. De stadstructuur ontwikkelde zich van de Middeleeuwen tot de 19e eeuw, toen Salzburg een stadstaat was geregeerd door een prins-aartsbisschop . De flamboyante gotische kunst trok veel ambachtslieden en kunstenaars aan. Pas later werd de stad nog bekender door de Italiaanse architecten Vincenzo Scamozzi en Santini Solari, aan wie het Salzburger centrum zijn barokke uiterlijk dankt. De stad is een ontmoetingspunt tussen Noord- en Zuid-Europa, wat misschien wel een aanzet was voor de genialiteit van Salzburgs meest beroemde zoon, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wiens naam sindsdien altijd in verband gebracht wordt met de stad.

Source: unesco.nl

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Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg (Austria) © Tourismus Salzburg GmbH
Outstanding Universal Value

Brief synthesis

Salzburg is an outstanding example of an ecclesiastical city-state, peculiar to the Holy Roman Empire, from Prussia to Italy. Most disappeared as political and administrative units in the early 19th century and adopted alternative trajectories of development. No other example of this type of political organism has survived so completely, preserving its urban fabric and individual buildings to such a remarkable degree as Salzburg.

Salzburg is the point where the Italian and German cultures met and which played a crucial role in the exchanges between these two cultures. The result is a Baroque town that has emerged intact from history, and exceptional material testimony of a particular culture and period. The centre of Salzburg owes much of its Baroque appearance to the Italian architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and Santino Solari.

The Salzburg skyline, against a backdrop of mountains, is characterized by its profusion of spires and domes, dominated by the fortress of HohenSalzburg. It contains a number of buildings, both secular and ecclesiastical, of very high quality from periods ranging from the late Middle Ages to the 20th Century.  There is a clear separation, visible on the ground and on the map, between the lands of the Prince-Archbishops and those of the burghers. The former is characterized by its monumental buildings - the Cathedral, the Residence, the Franciscan Abbey, the Abbey of St Peter - and its open spaces, the Domplatz in particular. The burghers' houses, by contrast, are on small plots and front onto narrow streets, with the only open spaces provided by the three historic markets. Salzburg is rich in buildings from the Gothic period onwards, which combine to create a townscape and urban fabric of great individuality and beauty.

Salzburg is also intimately associated with many important artists and musicians, preeminent among them Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Criterion (ii): Salzburg played a crucial role in the interchange between Italian and German cultures, resulting in a flowering of the two cultures and a long-lasting exchange between them.

Criterion (iv): Salzburg is an exceptionally important example of a European ecclesiastical city-state, with a remarkable number of high-quality buildings, both secular and ecclesiastical, from periods ranging from the late Middle Ages to the 20th century.

Criterion (vi): Salzburg is noteworthy for its associations with the arts, and in particular with music, in the person of its famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Integrity

The historic centre of Salzburg contains all the key elements that define the ecclesiastical city-state. The overall coherence is vulnerable to the adverse impact of new developments in the buffer zone and setting.

Authenticity

The centre of Salzburg has retained its historic townscape and street pattern to a high degree. Against the background of the surrounding hills, its architectural monuments, such as the Cathedral and the Nonnberg Convent, have retained their dominating roles on the skyline. The town has generally managed to preserve its historic substance and fabric, although it is vulnerable to new constructions which are not entirely sympathetic to the coherence of its Baroque form.

Protection and management requirements

Management occurs at national, regional and local level. The property is protected at both Federal and Provincial level. A number of other specific laws regarding particular matters (such as water management) also apply. In addition, consensual management is practiced, where property owners and relevant cultural societies can also bring about individual actions.

A management plan was elaborated in the year 2008 and finished by the end of January 2009 and sent to all authorities. This addresses the way new structures are integrated into the city's fabric and planning and how the impact of new urban development projects can be monitored and assessed to ensure the coherence and integrity are not compromised.

Over the last 40 years there has been an increasing collective awareness regarding the heritage value of the urban fabric. The Commune, and individual owners, take responsibility for the day-to-day management processes. This is based on advice and direction provided by the City's expert staff, in addition to guidance offered by the Federal Office for Protection of Monuments. Funds are available from the Federal State of Austria and through the Historic Centre Maintenance Fund (which is financed by the City and the Province).

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