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Les indicateurs pour la sécurité des journalistes de l’UNESCO

Développés dans le contexte de l’approbation du plan des Nations Unies pour la Sécurité des journalistes et la question de l’impunité par le Conseil des Chefs de Secrétariat des Nations Unies, et du lancement de la mise en place d’une stratégie pour les années 2013-2014, l’objectif des Indicateurs pour la sécurité des journalistes est de soulever des points précis qui montrent, ou ont un impact sur, la sécurité des journalistes et la question de l’impunité.

 

Les ISJs fournissent une carte des critères clés permettant d'évaluer dans quelle mesure les journalistes peuvent exercer leur métier dans des conditions de sécurité, et de déterminer les réactions appropriées à avoir, face aux crimes commis à leur encontre. Les ISJs permettent d’identifier les actions mises en place par différentes parties prenantes, toutes impliquées dans la promotion de la sécurité des journalistes et la lutte contre l’impunité, à un niveau national. Ces acteurs incluent l’ONU, des acteurs étatiques et politiques, des associations de la société civile, des chercheurs, des médias et des intermédiaires.

Les ISJs apparaissent surtout comme une base sur laquelle les changements peuvent être systématiquement enregistrés au cours du temps; ces changements représentant, heureusement, un progrès ainsi qu’un impact positif au regard de la sécurité des journalistes. A cet égard, les Nations Unies peuvent aider l’UNESCO et les autres agences onusiennes impliquées à estimer, sur une base périodique, dans quelle mesure la mise en place du Plan d’action de l’ONU sur la sécurité des journalistes et la question de l’impunité a contribué à améliorer la sécurité des professionnels du monde des médias, dans les pays participant au lancement du Plan d’action.

Il convient de noter que ces indicateurs ne se présentent pas comme un modèle universel, ils permettent simplement de proposer une série de facteurs pertinents, utiles à l’élaboration d’une cartographie et à la compréhension de la question. Ils sont ainsi davantage descriptifs, et doivent être utilisés pour l’analyse et non comme règle. Chaque indicateur n’est pas nécessairement pertinent, ni même désirable, cela dépendant du contexte. Néanmoins, chaque publication sur le sujet doit indiquer dans quels cas les indicateurs n’ont pas été pris en compte, que ce soit pour des questions d’adéquation ou d’absence de données. Vous pouvez consulter le guide à destination des chercheurs, expliquant l’usage de ces indicateurs.

Il existe deux systèmes d’indicateurs – l’un visant une évaluation nationale, et l’autre s'appliquant au niveau international. Il existe également un guide à destination des chercheurs concernant l’application de ces indicateurs à l'échelle nationale. Ces derniers ainsi que le guide ont été mis à jour en 2015 en anglais, français, espagnol et portugais. Les versions dans d’autres langues seront publiées plus tardivement. Il est recommandé d’utiliser la version la plus récente de ces indicateurs, et ce dans chaque langue, ainsi que la version la plus récente du guide en anglais, ou dans toute autre langue disponible si possible, pour la précision du processus de recherche.

Niveau international

Niveau national

Guide pour l´application des ISJ au niveau national

Les indicateurs de sécurité des journalistes sont actuellement appliqués dans toutes les régions du monde. Jusqu´à présent, l´UNESCO a achevé les évaluations des ISJ dans les pays suivants :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Afghanistan: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

The publication provides a comprehensive overview of Afghanistan's media safety situation. As the first publication of its kind, it report assesses the state of journalists’ safety and the issue of impunity in the country, by discussing the (i) the safety and impunity statistics, as well as major categories of actors and their actions that can directly impact upon journalists’ safety: (ii) state and political actors; (iii) civil society and academia; (iv) the media and intermediaries; and (v) UN and other intergovernmental bodies operating in the country. The report also reflects the current state of the UN Plan of Action on Safety of Journalists and provides a baseline for future developments with the Plan.

The assessment was a nationally-driven process, carried out in partnership with the local Afghanistan Journalists Safety Committee and The Killid Group. Both participatory and inclusive, the process involved two key meetings to ensure multi-stakeholder participation. Widespread consultations including in-depth interviews with key informants and focus groups were also conducted. This report’s scrutiny is not about finger-pointing and guilt-distributing, but a verification of how each one of us is taking our responsibility, and try to understand why failure happens.

 

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Guatemala: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

This report discusses the results of a comprehensive analysis of the national media safety landscape in Guatemala on the basis of the Journalists’ Safety Indicators of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This report is intended as a baseline study with the major objective of assisting the development of public policy in the area of safety of journalists in Guatemala, encouraging further research, and improving future monitoring efforts. It is the result of a literature review and various consultations with the key stakeholders working in the area of safety of journalists in Guatemala. The report reflects the actual safety situation of journalists as reported by various international and national organizations. It also covers in detail the actions taken by the Government of Guatemala, civil society organizations, academia and the media, and the UN system and other international organizations to improve the safety situation of journalists on national level, as well as their insights on the topic.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Iraq: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

The publication provides a comprehensive overview of Iraq’s media safety situation, assessing the state of journalists’ safety and the issue of impunity in the country by looking into five areas: (i) the safety and impunity statistics;: (ii) state and political actors; (iii) civil society and academia; (iv) the media and intermediaries; and (v) UN and other intergovernmental bodies operating in the country.

The findings in this publication are a snapshot at a particular point in time – at 2015. Thus the study shows what further work was needed at that time. Progress since then can now be comprehensively assessed from that point on. In this way, the Journalists’ Safety Indicators (JSI) are a challenge for all actors to do better, so as to ensure that there has indeed been change and that it has been positive. In summary, the JSI findings are both a knowledge resource and a milestone

 

 

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Kenya: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

The report is the result of the Journalists' Safety Indicators assessment in Kenya. It will provide a comprehensive overview of Kenya's media safety situation, and it is the first of its kind. It is important to have this overview of journalists' safety in the country in order to have a baseline for local stakeholders from which to work to improve the situation. The report assesses the state of journalists’ safety and the issue of impunity in the country, by discussing the (i) the safety and impunity statistics, as well as major categories of actors and their actions that can directly impact upon journalists’ safety: (ii) state and political actors; (iii) civil society and academia; (iv) the media and intermediaries; and (v) UN and other intergovernmental bodies operating in the country. The report also reflects the current state of the UN Plan of Action on Safety of Journalists and provides a baseline for future developments with the Plan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Nepal: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

The report is the result of the JSI assessment in Nepal,  a nationally-driven process carried out in partnership with the local Development Communication Society (SODEC). It provides a comprehensive overview of Nepal's media safety situation. It assesses the state of journalists’ safety and the issue of impunity in Nepal, by discussing the (i) the safety and impunity statistics, as well as major categories of actors and their actions that can directly impact upon journalists’ safety: (ii) state and political actors; (iii) civil society and academia; (iv) the media and intermediaries; and (v) UN and other intergovernmental bodies operating in the country. The report also reflects the current state of the UN Plan of Action on Safety of Journalists and provides a baseline for future developments.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supporting safety of journalists in Pakistan: an assessment based on UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators

This report discusses the results of a comprehensive analysis of the national media safety landscape in Pakistan on the basis of the Journalists’ Safety Indicators of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). It is the result of a literature review and various consultations with the key stakeholders working in the area of safety of journalists in Pakistan. The report reflects the actual safety situation of journalists as reported by various international and national organizations. In addition, it covers in detail the actions taken by the State of Pakistan, civil society organizations, academia and the media, and the UN system and other international organizations to improve the safety situation of journalists on national level, as well as their insights on the topic.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  • Application des indicateurs de sécurité des journalistes (ISJ) de l´UNESCO – Guide pratique à l´usage des chercheurs
    Au niveau national

  • Plan de travail de l'UNESCO sur la sécurité des journalistes et la question de l'impunité